Foot and ankle trauma is any injury to the bones, joints and soft tissue (muscles, ligaments and tendons) that make up the ankle and foot. These injuries are often sudden and sometimes serious. They can occur if you’re involved in a fall or collision during any kind of activity. Sports and car accidents are common causes.

In injuries of the foot and ankle, the bones and joints can break (fracture) and tissues can stretch or tear. A fractured bone can be complete (broken into two or more pieces), incomplete, displaced (completely broken and misaligned) or open (piercing through the skin).

• Stress fractures: These are bone breaks caused by repeated stress from things like frequent strenuous sports or exercise or hard physical labor. 
• Jones fractures: These are fractures of the bone on the outside of the foot (fifth metatarsal).
• Heel bone fractures: Fractures of the heel bone (calcaneus).
• Ankle fractures: These include talus fractures and pilon fractures.
• Ankle sprains: An injury to the ankle ligaments.
• Achilles tendon injuries: An injury to the Achilles tendon, which runs along the back of the ankle.
• Lisfranc injury: An injury to the joints and/or ligaments of the midfoot.
• Joint dislocation: An abnormal separation in a joint. This can happen in the ankle or foot.
• Plantar fasciitis: A condition where the band becomes swollen or irritated. Generally, pain is on the inner edge of the heel.
• Heel spurs: a condition that occurs when calcium deposits build up on the bottom of your heel bone.
• Bunions: A bump of bone and tissue at the base of your big toe that forms when the joint connecting it to your foot shifts out of place.